Comparison of Vitamin 25(OH)D and Anti-Müllerian Hormone Status in Infertile Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and with Diminished Ovarian Reserve

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone and vitamin 25(OH)D levels in infertile patients with low ovarian reserve and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Methods: The data of 153 infertile patients who applied to the infertility outpatient clinic were evaluated. Patients who met the PCOS criteria according to the Androgen Excess Society guidelines (group 1-PCOS) and patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) (group 2-DOR) who had serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels <1 ng/mL were compared.
Results: When comparing patients with PCOS (n=78) and DOR (n=75), a statistical difference was found between the groups in terms of body mass index (p=0.009) and vitamin 25(OH)D levels (p=0.009). A very weak and positive correlation (Rho=0.015) was found between anti-Müllerian hormone and vitamin 25(OH)D levels in the group with PCOS. A weak negative correlation (Rho=-0.174) was found between anti-Müllerian hormone and vitamin 25(OH)D levels in the DOR group. However, this relationship was not statistically significant in both groups (p=0.06; p=0.128, respectively).
Conclusions: There was insufficient evidence to comment on the role of 25(OH)D in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome and DOR, which are at the extremes of anti-Müllerian hormone levels. This suggests that the pathophysiology of PCOS and DOR may be independent of serum vitamin 25(OH)D levels.