A Retrospective Analysis of Fetal Cardiovascular System Anomalies in a Tertiary Center

Objective: We shared the frequency and our experiences of cardiac anomalies detected during routine ultrasound scanning in pregnant women who applied to our perinatology clinic.
Methods: 288 pregnant women who were admitted to İzmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital Perinatology Clinic between January 2017 and January 2020 due to high-risk pregnancy and who were found to have cardiac anomalies included. The data were retrospectively scanned from the hospital digital archive and patient files.
Results: The demographic data of the pregnant women included in the study such as age, gestational week, gravida, and parity and the anomalies detected categorized. The mean age of the pregnant women was calculated as 27.99 (16-46) and the mean week of gestation as 25.2 (14-40). While the average gravida of the pregnant women was 2.29 (1-8), the mean parity was 0.97 (0-7). The most common cardiovascular system (CVS) anomaly was septal defects with a rate of 29.5%. When septal defects were examined, the most common ventriculoseptal defect (62.3%) followed by a atrioventrucouloseptal defect (27.05%) was found.
Conclusion: Three-dimensional ultrasonography has replaced two-dimensional ultrasonography with the developing technology and increasing physician experience. CVS anomalies can be detected safely with fetal echocardiography in three-dimensional ultrasonography. Early diagnosis and routine-detailed screening of pregnant women gain importance to determine the prognosis of detected structural anomalies and to provide healthy counseling service.